BREAKERS RATINGS

230kV GIS BREAKER

1. Nominal system voltage = 230kV

2. Maximum system voltage = 242 kV

3. Maximum system voltage = 253 kV for 30 mim

4. Rated continuous current = 3150 A for Bus couppler

5.Rated continuous current = 2500 A for I/C & O/G feeders

6. Rated system short circuit interrupting current of the CB = 63kA

34.5kV BREAKER

1. Nominal system voltage = 34.5 kV

2. Maximum system voltage = 36.2 kV

3. Maximum system voltage = 38 kV for 30 mim

4. Rated continuous current = 2500 A for Bus Tie & Incomer

5.Rated continuous current = 1250 A for O/G feeders

6. Rated system short circuit interrupting current of the CB = 31.5 kA

SITE TESTING OF LINE DIFFERENTIAL RELAY

1.Analog input Measurements 

Inject the rated secondary CT & VT values and check the primary and secondary values and power values  in the relay.

2.Input and Out put card checks

Give the digital input commands check the response in the relay
Check the all output contacts of the relay

3.  LED status

Check the all LED status as per configuration

4. Secondary injection tests 

4.1 . Check all settings are applied for function
4.2.  Zone reach measurements
4.3. Zone timings
4.4. Phase selection function
4.5. Power swing
4.7. Switch On to faults
4.8. Scheme communication Logic
a. Permissive under reach
b. Permissive over reach
c. Blocking scheme
d. Direct inter trip scheme
e. DIST WEI ECHO
g. Current reversal Logic

5. Over current & Earth fault function 

6.DEF COMMUNICATION SCHEME

6.1. Permissive over reach scheme
6.2. Blocking scheme
6.3. DEF WEI ECHO
6.4. DIST WEI TRIP
6.5. Current reversal logic

7. Fault locator function

8. Differential Function

8.1. Communication failure checks
8.2. Pickup/ Drop off Id min
8.3. Time measurement for Id min &  Id min High
8.4. Alarm checks
8.5. Bias Characteristic Testing
8.6. Harmonics Restraint Checks

9. Auto Re-close Checks  

HV TEST FOR 230 KV GIS 

High Voltage level of injection is below 

Highest voltage level 380 kv is calculated from 80% of factory Hi Voltage injection Level 

304 kV is 80% of 380kv 

170 kv is 1.2X Un/ rot 3

132 kv is  Un/ rot 3 

PD measurement curve at 132kv & 170 voltage level 

THE STORY OF TRANSFORMER STABILITY

The transformer stability test used to conform the CT connections for Differential and REF protection. This test also used as a primary injection test for HV & LV side BCT's.

Example   Transformer Data

Voltage Ratio :             230/ 34.5/13.8 kV

MVA Rating :              100/133 MVA                                                                                                                  

Vector Group:             YNyn0(d5)

% Impedence :             12.24 @ 100 MVA BASE.

CALCULATION TO FIND THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CURRENT


PRIMARY SIDE : -

HV side full load current  =  Power /  √3 x Voltage = 100×10^3            =  100000000 = 251 Amps

                                                                                √3 × 230× 1000        399050

HV side Impedence    =   HV side Voltage              =   230× 1000  = 916 Ohms
                                          HV side full load current       251

HV side Impedence/ Phase =  HV side Impedence X % Impedence = 916 X 12.24  =  112 Ohms
                                                                                                                          100

HV side current / Phase    =  Applied Voltage / HV side Impedence/ Phase

                                        = 380 / 112 =  3.38 Amps


 LV side SIDE : -

Transformer Ratio = 230/ 34.5 = 6.66

LV side current = 6.6666* 3.38 = 22.53 Amps
                                                                                                             

TEST -1 Three Phase Balanced Injection

Test connection: Three phase short circuit outside protected zone on 34.5kV side. Three phase voltage injected on HV side = 380V

The balanced current can measured in the relay as follows 

                                                            

Relay - Primary Current (A)
HV	LV
3.326<0°	22.201<181.141°
3.205<241.5°	22.935<59.28°
3.288<121.5°	23.573<299.34°

Note : -


1. LV current 180 dec phase sifted from HV current.

2. No return current in Neutral 

TEST -2 Three Phase Unbalanced condition

To make this condition open any one of CT FT fingers and short by insert the FT jack. 

The Unbalanced current can measured in the relay as follows 

Relay- Primary Current (A)
HV	LV
0.00	21.985
0.00	22.226
0.00	22.265

TEST -3 Three Phase REF balanced condition

Test connection: Three phase short circuit outside protected zone on LV side. Single Phase Injection was done one by one  on the primary to check the stability and sensitivity.

1. No return current in Neutral 

2. During single phase injection voltage will developed  in the one phase Tertiary winding. If winding is connected with ground  a circulating current will flow through ground during stability.

TEST -4 Three Phase REF Unbalanced condition

 Polarity of the neutral BCT was reversed at the protection panel to simulate the unstable condition.

TEST -5 BCT primary injection

PRIMARY INJECTION HV & LV  WINDING :

Test connection: Three phase short circuit outside protected zone on LV side. Three phase voltage injected on HV side = 380V 

PRIMARY INJECTION TERTIARY  WINDING :

Test connection : The shorting and grounding bar was removed from the Delta winding and current was injected with Severker Test Kit and secondary currents were measured in the Transformer LCP panel.

                                     

TIMINGS & TIME SETTINGS